« Anopheles barbirostris in Indonesia: A more complex metapopulation than expected »
Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto, Triwibowo Ambar Garjito, Shinta Shinta, Soleman Landi, Roger Frutos, Sylvie Manguin

 

Abstract
Anopheles barbirostris, a member of the Barbirostris Subgroup in the Anopheles
genus, comprises a complex of species in South and Southeast Asia. This An. barbirostris
complex includes eight species such as An. barbirostris sensu stricto (s.s.),
An. campestris, An. dissidens, An. donaldi, An. saeungae, An. sarpangensis, An.
vanderwulpi, and An. wejchoochotei. This study employed molecular markers, including
ITS2 and COI genes, to investigate the phylogenetic relationships within An. barbirostris
sensu lato (s.l.) populations from various locations in Indonesia. The analysis
reveals the presence of nine distinct populations within this complex, including the
first report of An. wejchoochotei in North Sulawesi and a unique Barbirostris population
in Magelang, Central Java. This makes it a more complex metapopulation than
previously thought. These findings provide critical insights into the diversity of malaria
and lymphatic filariasis vectors in Indonesia. Understanding the complex structure of
the An. barbirostris populations and their genetic diversity will be useful for effective
vector control and disease elimination strateg